Buy this book on-line Dr. J.E. Pollak : Topographische Bemerkungen zur Karte der Umgebung und zu dem Plane von Teheran
Druck von L.C. Zamarski, k.k. Hof- Buchdruckereir und Hof-Lithographie, Wien, c.1877
Original green paper wrappers. , In very good condition. , P.1-8, map. , Illustrated with a fold out map of greater Tehran and vicinity. The folding map is composed of two maps of which include the older central Tehran by Major Krziz and further expansion and improvements by Dr. Pollak
Scarce. A brief and outstanding work on the geography and topography of Tehran.
The City of Tehran had become the capital city at the beginning of the Qajar Dynasty was built on points of “Ray”. A settlement began here c 6,000 BCE as part of the Central Plateau Culture and Ray is the oldest existing city in the province and is described in detail in the work of Islamic geographers. After the Mongol conquest the town was severely damaged and it gradually lost its importance in the presence of nearby Tehran. In the early of 18th century, Karim Khan Zand ordered a palace, and a government office to be built in Tehran, possibly to declare the city his capital, but later moved his government to Shiraz. Tehran finally became the capital of Iran in 1795, when the Qajar king Agha Mohammad Khan was crowned in the city. It remains the capital to this day.
This pamphlet describes the customs, climate, weather and sanitary conditions and health, population, materials of construction fuel, food and other products. Also discusses the water supplies that provided for agriculture, fauna and flora of the area, the climate, canal systems supplying the inhabitants and businesses and beyond.
Jakob Eduard Polak (1818- 1891) was an Austrian physician who played an important role in introducing modern medicine and sciences in Iran.
He was one of the six Austrian teachers invited by Amir Kabir, the Persian Prime Minister, as the instructors of Dar ul-Funun, the first modern higher education institution in Iran. By his own account, he entered Iran on the 24th of November 1851, before the inauguration of the Dal al-fonun.
From 1851 to 1860, he taught medicine at Dar al-fonun . later he learned Persian in six months, and then he thought his course in Persian.From 1855 to 1860 and wrote even medical textbooks in Persian. He acquainted himself with Iranian literature and culture and was able to speak Persian fluently. Polak created the modern Persian medical terminology (Schlimmer, p. 4). He served as personal physician of Naser-al-din Shah. also tutored the shah in French lessons with which his predecessor had started, and taught the shah geography and history.
He published the result of his Persian experience in: Das Land und seine Bewohner (1865)an outstanding ethnographic works about 19th-century Iran.[3]His other works includes: Jakob Eduard Polak, Bimari i vaba (Tehran: Nast’aliq, 1269); Jakob Eduard Polak, “La médicine militaire en Perse. Par le do cteur J. E. Polak, ancien médecin particulier du schah de Perse,” Revue scientifique et administrative des médecins des armées de terre et de mer vii (1865).
Over a period of nine years in Iran He traveled widely in Iran, pursuing his scientific interests in geography, geology and botany. The lasting achievement of his nine-year residence is a report, which the subtitle classifies as ethnographic sketches. Polak thus distinguished his book from the bulk of European travel literature on Iran . His detailed descriptions of Iran and Iranians are both critical and positive. Dr.Polak’s travel book was translated into Persian in 1982.
The title of the original version was “Persien, das Land und Seine Bewohner”, which was published in Leipzig, Germany in 1865.Polak maintained relations with Nāṣer-al-Din after his departure from Iran. In the diary of his first European tour, Nāṣer-al-Din (1998, p. 292) revealed his affection, coupled with a certain nostalgia. In the summer of 1889, the two men met once more in Berlin, during the shah’s third trip to Europe, when Polak served as counselor and translator to the Austrian emperor (Nāṣer-al-Din, 1999, p. 230; Eʿtemād-al-Salṭana, 2000, p. 347).
The attached older map of central Tehran by Major Krziz is dated December 1 858/January 1 859 and shows the city as it was before Nasir alDin Shah remodelled it during the following decade, between 1869 and
1874. When the map was drawn, Tehran was approximately 4 square kilometres at that time, of which Imperial buildings and gardens covered approximately each 280,000 square meters, and had an estimated population of 1 00,000. Its author, the artillery officer August Krziz, was inv- ited from Austria to teach at the Poly technic college, the Dar al-Funun founded in 1 851 ,
and the Military College of Tehran. Together with the drawing of this map, August Krziz is known to have built the first telegraph line in Iran. August Krziz's pioneering map is accompanied by a short text which gives precise geographic details of Tehran.
Its exact location, duration of the longest and shortest days, altitude in 'French meters', average temperature, acceleration of gravity , etc. The complex structures of the town made mapping extremely difficult. The supervision of the Qajar prince 'Ali Quli Mirza I'tizad al-Saltana and and one other student from the Dar al-Funun, Zulfiqar Beg and Muhammad Taqi Khan Shakir, helped Krziz to access places which without them would have been forbidden to a European. Later on Doctor Polak further improved the work of fellow Austrian Krziz and developed the map further. Dr. Polak expanded the map to greater Tehran and vicinity to within a parameter of 20 km.
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